Smart Tutorials

In MS Access there are four types of database objects in Access and tables are the most important one of them. Even of you are working with forms, reports and queries you are still working on the tables as all the data is stored in tables. Tables play a critical part on database and understanding the tables in MS Access is of utmost importance. In this tutorial you will learn how to open tables, create and edit record.

Basics of Tables:

Opening an Existing Table:

First of all open you database and then locate the Navigation pane.

• In the Navigation pane you need to locate the table you need to open.
• Now double click on the desired table.
• The table will open and will appear as a tab in the Document Tabs bar.

Understanding the Tables:

All of the tables are composed of the horizontal rows as well as vertical columns with the small rectangles which are known as cells in the places where the columns and rows intersect. In MS Access, rows and columns are reffered to as records and fields. Afield is a way of organizing the information by type. Think of the field name as a question and then every cell within that field as response to that question. Arecord is one unit of information and each cell on a given row is part of that row’s record. Each record has got it’s own ID number. Within the table each ID number is unique to its record and refers to all of the information within the record. The ID number for record can not be changed.

Navigating within tables:

• The bar at the bottom of the table has got various commands to help you search it scroll through records.
• In order to navigate through records in a table, you can use the up and down arrow keys, scroll up and down or use the arrows in the Record Navigation bar which is located at the bottom of your table.
• You can create a new record with the new record command on the Record Navigation bar.
• You can find any record in currently open table by simply searching for it using the record search box. You need to place your cursor in the search box, type any word that you need to find and then press Enter key.

Adding Records and Entering Data:

Entering the data into tables in MS Access to entering the data in Excel. In order to work with records you will need to enter the data into cells. If you require any help by entering the data into records.

To Add a New Record

For adding your new record you need to follow these steps.

• In the Records group located on the Home tab you are required to click the New command.
• On the Record Navigtion bar at the bottom of the window. Now you need to click the New record button.
• Now you are required to begin typing in the row below your last added record.

To Save a Record

For saving a record you need to follow these steps.

• First of all you need to select the Home tab and locate the Records group.
• Now you need to click the Save command and the record will be saved.

Editing the Records:

In order to quickly edit any record within the table you can click it and type your changes. MS Access llows you find and replace a word within different records and the delete the records completely.

Replacing a word within a record

For replacing a word within a record you need to follow these steps.

• First of all you need to select Home tab and then locate the Find group.
• Now you need to select Replace command. The Find and Replace dialog box will appear.
• In the Find What: field you are required to type the word you need to find then in the Replace With: field type the word you need to replace the original word with.
• Click the Look In: drop-down arrow to select the area you need to search. You can select Current field to limit your search to currently selected field. You need to select Current document to search within the whole table.
• Click the Match: drop-down arrow to select how closely you had like the results to match your search.
• Select Any Part of Field to search for your search term in any of the cell.
• Now select Whole Field to search only for the cells that match your search term exactly.
• Now you need to Select of Field to search only cells that start with the search term.
• Now you need to click Find Next. If the text is found it will be selected.
• Now click Replace to replace the original word with the new one.
• MS Access will move to the next instance of the text in the object.

In C language the primary data types are of three types which are char, int and float. These primary data types can further be of several types like a char can be unsigned char or signed char. An int can be short int or long int.

Integers

C language provides a variations of the integer data type that will provide what is know as long or short integer values. These variations are provided for providing integers with different ranges wherever possible. There is no rule but generally short and long integers would occupy two and four bytes respectively. Every compiler can decide appropriate sizes which depends on the operating system and hardware for which it is being written. Long variables which has got long integers are declared by using the keyword long like in

long int i ;

long int abc ;

long integers can cause the program to run slowly but the range of the values that we can use is expanded greatly.

Short integers needs less space in the memory and they are declared as

short int j ;

short int height ;

C language lets you use abbreviation of short int to short and of long int to long. So the declaration that have been made above can be rewritten as

long i ;

long abc ;

short j ;

short height ;

This short-cut is preferred by most of the programmers.

Integers, signed and unsigned:

Sometimes a programmer already know that the value that has been stored in the gven integer variable will always be positive when it is used for counting things alone. In such scenarios you can declare variable to be unsigned like in,

unsigned int num_students ;

With this declaration the permissible integer values will be doubled. Like for 16-bit OS the range will shift from -32768 – +32768 to the range 0-65535. An unsigned integer occupies two bytes. You can declare an unsigned integer like this

unsigned int i ;

unsigned i ;

A function is a self contained block of statements that perform logical task. C program is actually a collection of these functions. Using a function means hiring a perosn for a specific task.

• A C program must have at least one function.
• If a C prgram has more than one function then one of these functions has to be main() because execution of program begins with main().
• There is no limit on the number of functions that might be present ina C program.
• Each of the function is a program is called in sequence specified by the function calls in main().
• After every function has performed it’s duty, control returns to main(). When main() runs out of the function calls the program ends. The main() function calls othe functions which will in return call other functions. You need to trace carefully the way control passes from one function to another.

• A function gets called when the function name is followed by semicolon. For example

main()

{

brazil();

}

• A function will be defined when the function name is followed by a pair of braces in one or more statements may be present.

argentina( )

{

statement 1 ;

statement 2 ;

statement 3 ;

}

• Any function can be called from any other function. Even main() can be called from any other function. Even the main() can be called from any other function.

• You can call any function for any number of times.
• The order of the functions defined in a prgram and the order in which they get caleed necessarily be same.
• A function can call itself like a procsss is called ‘recursion’.
• A function can be called from other function but you can not define a function in another function.
• A function has two types (i) Library functions (ii) User-defined functions